Lock mechanism



' April 12, 1966 w. YOUNG LOCK mncaamsm 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 6, 1964 a N Y W 3 W I? 1m. N m 0 F E w Y m 0 April 12, 1966 L. w. YOUNG LOCK mmcmmsm 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 6, 1964 INVENTOR L E ONARD WEARF YOUNG B Y Osrnmemr fies-n Gems {Soprsn ATTORNEYS w A ril 12, 1966 L. w. YOUNG LOCK MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 6, 1964 INVENTOP LEONRRD WEHRE YOUNG BY OSTRopeNn Fnaui Gena Jor au ATTORNEYS United States Patent 0 3,245,238 MICK MECHANISM Leonard Weare Young, London, England, assignor to Bramahs Limited, London, England, a British company Filed May 6, 1964, filer. No. 365,384 '7 Qlaims. (Cl. 70-134) This invention relates to lock mechanism the chief object of the invention being to provide lock mechanism incorporating means of a robust character which will prevent the bolt being forced back when in its shot position to obtain illegal entry.

The invention although applicable to any suitable form of key operated lock mechanism is particularly applicable to lock mechanism including a series of levers, wards, tumblers or the like which are displaced appropriately on the insertion of the correct key to enable the mechanism to be rotated, the key being only withdrawable from the mechanism when the latter has been returned to its initial position.

In some cases two such lock mechanisms are employed on a door such as for example a front entrance door, in which case the door can be unlocked from the outside and relocked from the inside. The invention is applicable to either type.

Lock mechanism in accordance with the present invention comprises a casing containing a slidably mounted bolt, key operable means for operating said bolt and a member slidably mounted within a slot or opening in said bolt and when the bolt is in its shot position jamming against parts of the lock mechanism to prevent the bolt being forced back, but movable out of the jamming position to permit retraction of the bolt when the key operable means is moved to its unlocked position.

Although the member preferably takes the form of a ball or roller which will be capable of free rotational movement, it is within the scope of the invention to construct the member of any suitable shape for example of rectangular form having rounded ends.

Preferably the key operable means includes a cylinder or cam, the ball, roller or other member in the case of a lock mechanism utilizing only one key operated locking device being jammed between a fixed part of the casing and the cylinder or cam. When two key operated locking devices are used, the ball, roller or other member will be jammed between the two cylinders or cams but will be free to permit of retraction of the bolt when either key operated locking device is turned to withdraw the bolt.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, FIGURES 1, 2 and 3 illustrate in fragmentary side elevation a lock in accordance with the invention, the bolt being shown respectively in its shot, partly retracted and fully retracted positions.

The invention will be now described as applied to a lock mechanism intended for use on an entrance door of a house or other building where it is often desirable to unlock the door from outside and relock the door from the inside. The lock mechanism therefore is provided with two key slots or openings on opposite sides of the door for alternative use.

The key operated bolt actuating mechanism may be of any suitable type, the drawings illustrating mechanism of the Bramahs type operated by a tubular key formed with peripherally arranged slots of different depths which when the key is inserted in the key hole or key slot engage a number of radially arranged spring urged wards which if the correct key has been inserted free the barrel to actuate the bolt.

The lock mechanism includes a casting 1 containing a bolt 2 slidable therein, the bolt having a tail portion 3,

formed with a vertical slot 4 containing a jamming member or roller 5. The tail portion 3 includes upwardly and downwardly directed relatively staggered parts 6 and 7 formed respectively with pairs of slots 8 and 9.

Each key operated bolt operating mechanism includes a cylinder or cam, the upper cylinder or cam being indicated by reference numeral 10 and the lower cylinder or cam by reference numeral 11. The two Bramahs type key receiving plugs or parts are indicated by reference numerals 12 and 13.

The upper and lower cylinders or cams 10 and 11 are formed with flats 14 and 15 respectively for a purpose hereinafter referred to, whilst the upper and lower mecha nisms include pairs of radial projections} 16 and 17 which are adapted to enter slots 8 and 9 respectively when the cylinders or cams are rotated to shoot or withdraw the bolt.

Assuming that the door is locked both from the inside and outside as in FIGURE 1 and that the upper of the two mechanisms is operable from outside the door, the key will be inserted in the key hole on the outside of the door to effect an entrance to the building, the key when turned in a clockwise direction turning the cylinder or cam 14) and projections 16 into a position in which the projections 16 enter the slots 8 as in FIG- URE 2 in which position the fiat 14 lies opposite the roller 5. The flat on the curved periphery of the cylinder or cam provides clearance for the roller allowing it to ride up the curved periphery of the lower cylinder or cam 11, the parts, when the key has been turned full circle into its initial position assuming the position shown in FIGURE 3 in which the bolt is fully retracted with the roller returned to its initial position, but wherein it holds the bolt in a retracted position.

The upper and lower key slots are indicated by reference numerals 18 and 19 respectively.

The door can then be locked from the inside if required by operation of the lower mechanism. Specifically, the proper key is inserted in key slot 19 and rotated counterclockwise thereby rotating the cylinder or cam 11 and projections 17 into a position in which the projections 17 enter the slots 9, in which position the fiat 15 will lie opposite roller 5. The flat 15 provides clearance for the roller 5 allowing it to ride up the curved periphery of the upper cam 11. Upon completion of a full revolution of the key the bolt will be fully extended as shown in FIGURE 1, in which position the roller 5 will prevent the bolt from being forcibly jammed into the casing by unauthorized personnel.

It will be appreciated that if the key has been removed the two cylinders or cams will always lie in the position shown in FIGURE 1 or 3 in which the clearance between their curved surfaces is less that the diameter of the roller. Consequently the bolt cannot be forced back when in its locking position.

When intended for operation from one side of the door only for example from the outside one key operated lock mechanism will be omitted and its place taken by a fixed part of the casing or by a part fixed to the casing, the part having a curved face over which the roller can slide when the single key operated lock mechanism is operated to shoot or withdraw the bolt.

I-claim:

1. Lock mechanism comprising:

a casing;

a bolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement between a retracted and projecting position, said bolt having a slot therein;

a jamming member positioned in said slot and movable relative thereto; and

rotatable bolt operating means rotatably mounted on said casing for selectively moving said bolt between its retracted and projecting position, said bolt operating means including a generally cylindrical member having a peripheral surface, the main portion of which is normally positioned to obstruct the path of movement of said jamming member to prevent movement of said bolt, said cylindrical member having a small portion of its peripheral surface recessed, said small portion being positioned adjacent said jamming member when said bolt operating means is being operated to move said bolt between its retracted and projecting positions such that said jamming member may enter said recessed portion and freely pass by said cylindrical member.

2. Lock mechanism comprising:

a casing;

a bolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement in a first path of movement between a retracted and and projecting position, said bolt having a slot therein;

a jamming member positioned in said slot and movable in said slot in a second path of movement which is transverse to said first path of movement;

rotatable bolt operating means rotatably mounted on said casing for selectively moving said bolt between its retracted and projecting position in response to one revolution thereof, said bolt operating means including a generally cylindrical member having a peripheral surface, the main portion of which is normally positioned to obstruct movement of said jamming member in said first path of movement, said cylindrical member having an arcuate portion of its peripheral surface recessed, said arcuate portion being positioned adjacent said jamming member during a minor portion of said one revolution to allow said jamming member to move in said second path of movement into said recessed portion and freely pass by said cylindrical member.

3. Lock mechanism comprising:

a casing;

a bolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement in a first path of movement between a retracted and projecting position, said bolt having a slot therein;

a jamming member positioned in said slot and movable in said slot in a second path of movement which is transverse to said first path of movement;

first rotatable bolt operating means rotatably mounted on said casing on one side of said bolt for selectively moving said bolt between its retracted and projecting position in response to one revolution thereof, said bolt operating means including a first generally cylindrical member having an exterior surface, the main portion of which is cylindrical, and a minor portion of which is recessed;

cylindrical jamming means mounted on said casing on an opposite side of said bolt;

said first rotatable bolt operating means and said cylindrical jamming means being spaced from one another such that said main portion of said exterior surface and said cylindrical jamming means obstruct movement of said jamming member in said first path of movement when said bolt is in its retracted or projecting positions, said minor portion of said exterior surface being rotated adjacent said jamming member during rotation of said bolt operating means such that when said jamming member contacts said cylindrical jamming means during movement of said bolt between its retracted and projecting position, said jamming member may move in its second path of movement into said minor recessed portion to permit further movement of said bolt in its first path of movement.

4. The lock mechanism of claim 3, wherein said cylindrical jamming means comprises the main portion of the exterior surface of a second generally cylindrical member which is a part of a second bolt operating means rotatably mounted on said casing on said opposite side of said bolt for selectively moving said bolt between its retracted and projecting position in response to one revolution thereof, said exterior surface having a minor portion of which is recessed, said first and second bolt operating means being spaced from one another such that said main portions of said exterior surfaces of said first and second cylindrical members obstruct movement of said jamming member in said first path of movement when said bolt is in its retracted or projecting positions, said minor portion of one of said exterior surfaces being rotated adjacent said jamming member during rotation of its respective bolt operating means such that when said jamming member contacts the main portion of the exterior surface of the other of said cylindrical members during movement of said bolt between its retracted and projecting position, said jamming member may move in its second path of movementinto said minor recessed portion of said one exterior surface to permit further movement of said bolt in its first path of movement.

5. The lock mechanism of claim 4, wherein said jamming member is a ball-like member.

6. Lock mechanism comprising:

a casing;

a bolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement in a first path of movement between a retracted and projecting position, said bolt having a slot there- 1n;

a ball-like jamming member positioned in said slot and movable in said slot in a second path of movement which is transverse to said first path of movement;

first rotatable bolt operating means rotatably mounted on said casing on one side of said bolt for selectively moving said bolt between its retracted and projecting position in response to one revolution thereof, said bolt operating means including a first generally cylindrical member having an exterior surf-ace, the main portion of which is cylindrical, and a minor portion of which is a flat chordal recess, rotation of said first bolt operating means to move said bolt between its retracted and projecting positions causing said flat chordal recess to be momentarily positioned adjacent said ball-like jamming member, said main portion of said exterior surface of said first generally cylindrical member being positioned adjacent said ball-like jamming member when said bolt is in its retracted or projecting position;

cylindrical jamming means mounted on said casing adjacent said ball-like jamming member on an opposite side of said bolt, said cylindrical jamming means being spaced from the exterior surface of said generally cylindrical member by a predetermined distance which is less than the diameter of said balllike jamming member when said bolt is in its retracted or projecting position and said main portion of said exterior surface is adjacent said ball-like jamming member, and greater than the diameter of said ball-like jamming member when said bolt is being moved between its retracted and projecting position and said chordal recess is momentarily adjacent said ball-like jamming member;

whereby said cylindrical jamming means and said main portion of said exterior surface of said first generally cylindrical member prevent movement of said ball-like jamming member and bolt in said first path of movement when said bolt is in said retracted and projecting position; and

whereby said ball-like jamming member may move in its second path of movement into said chordal recess and move relative thereto in response to said ball like member engaging said cylindrical jamming means as said bolt is moved in said first path of movement between its retracted and projecting positions.

7. The lock mechanism of claim 6, wherein said cylindrical jamming means comprises the main portion of the exterior surface of a second generally cylindrical member which is a part of a second bolt operating means rotatably mounted on said casing on said opposite side of said bolt for selectively moving said bolt between its retracted and projecting position in response to one revolution thereof, said exterior surface having a minor portion which is a flat chordal recess; rotation of said second bolt operating means to move said bolt between its retracted and projecting positions causing said flat chordal recess of said exterior of said second generally cylindrical member to be momentarily-positioned adjacent said ball-like jamming member, said main portion of said exterior surface of said second cylindrical member being positioned adjacent said ball-like member when said bolt is in its retracted or projecting position, the exterior surfaces of said first and second cylindrical members being spaced from one another by a predetermined distance which is less than the diameter of said ball-like jamming member when said bolt is in its retracted or projecting position and said main portions of said exterior surfaces of said first and second cylindrical members are adjacent said ball-like jamming member; and greater than the diameter of said ball-like jamming member when said bolt is being moved between its retracted and projecting position by one of said first and second bolt operating means and said chordal recess of the exterior surface of the cylindrical member of said one of said bolt operating means is momentarily adjacent said ball-like jamming member; whereby said main portions of said exterior surfaces of said first and second cylindrical surfaces prevent movement of said ball-like jamming member and bolt in said first path of movement when said bolt is in its retracted and projecting position, and, whereby said ball-like jamming member may move in its second path of movement into the chordal recess of one of the cylindrical members and pass relative thereto in response to said ball-like member engaging the main portion of the exterior surface of the other of said cylinders as said bolt is moved in said first path of movement between its retracted and projecting positions.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,519,282 12/1924 Weber -418 2,696,099 12/ 1954 Uhel' 70-134 2,789,527 4/1957 Davis 70-418 X 2,869,351 1/1959 Rolph 70134 3,026,703 3/1962 Welch 70-134 3,175,376 3/1965 Cantwell 70-134 X FOREIGN PATENTS 631,343 11/ 1949 Great Britain.

JOSEPH D. SEERS, Primary Examiner.

BOBBY R. GAY, Examiner. 

1. LOCK MECHANISM COMPRISING: A CASING; A BOLT SLIDABLY MOUNTED IN SAID CASING FOR MOVEMENT BETWEEN A RETRACTED AND PROJECTING POSITION, SAID BOLT HAVING A SLOT THEREIN; A JAMMING MEMBER POSITIONED IN SAID SLOT AND MOVABLE RELATIVE THERETO; AND ROTATABLE BOLT OPERATING MEANS ROTATABLY MOUNTED ON SAID CASING FOR SELECTIVELY MOVING SAID BOLT BETWEEN ITS RETRACTED AND PROJECTING POSITION, SAID BOLT OPERATING MEANS INCLUDING A GENERALLY CYLINDRICAL MEMBER HAVING A PERIPHERAL SURFACE, THE MAIN PORTION OF WHICH IS NORMALLY POSITIONED TO OBSTRUCT THE PATH OF MOVEMENT OF SAID JAMMING MEMBER TO PREVENT MOVEMENT OF SAID BOLT, SAID CYLIDRICAL MEMBER HAVING A SMALL PORTION OF ITS PERIPHERAL SURFACE RECESSED, SAID SMALL PORTION BEING POSITIONED ADJACENT SAID JAMMING 